Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi 10. Bilim Günleri Kongresi, İstanbul, Türkiye, 15 - 16 Nisan 2025, ss.64, (Özet Bildiri)
Matter creation in the FRW universe can
have significant effects on the operation of a heat engine by altering the
equation of state, increasing entropy, modifying energy exchange processes,
influencing the expansion rate, and introducing non-equilibrium thermodynamic
effects.
In a standard FRW universe,
the equation of state relates the pressure p and energy
density ρ of the cosmic fluid. Matter creation can alter this
relationship, leading to a modified equation of state. This modification can
affect the thermodynamic cycles of the heat engine, potentially changing the
efficiency and work output. The temperature
of the cosmic fluid evolves with the expansion of the universe. Matter creation
can affect this temperature evolution, which in turn influences the heat
engine's performance. For instance, if matter creation leads to a slower
cooling rate, the heat engine might operate over a different temperature range,
affecting its efficiency. In a
cosmological heat engine, work extraction is related to the expansion of the
universe. Matter creation can modify the work extraction process by changing
the pressure and energy density of the cosmic fluid. This could either enhance
or diminish the amount of work that can be extracted, depending on the specific
model of matter creation. The
efficiency η of the heat engine is expressed similarly to the Carnot cycle:re, 
and 
represent the high
temperature of the early universe and the low temperature of the late universe,
respectively.In
cosmology, the universe can be explained by the laws of thermodynamics,
considering it as a heat engine. This approach provides a useful model for
displaying data about the universe, such as energy transfer and entropy
changes. This model is an important tool, especially in the analysis of modern
cosmological problems such as dark energy and the dynamics of the universe.